It is characterised by chronic peri-arthritis, joint and leg deformities, wasting, chronic mastitis, chronic pneumonia with severe dyspnoea and nervous signs. There is no treatment other than palliative care, and animals remain infected for life. 5 Animal welfare impactsĬAE is also important from an animal welfare perspective as it can cause severe pain and suffering in affected animals. 4 One 12 year study showed lower levels of fat, total protein and lactose in CAE infected goats. 2,3 Goats with CAE have been shown to have higher somatic cell counts and are more likely to develop mastitis. Two studies showed lower milk production in CAE positive goats. Economic impactsĬAE causes economic loss, although the extent is unknown at present. Meat and fibre goats have been diagnosed with CAE when kept with CAE positive dairy goats hence strict segregation between non CAE- accredited dairy goats and other sectors of the goat industry is important to prevent further spread.Ĭurrently CAE is only notifiable in Victoria. 1 The incidence in Boer goats is unknown, as no CAE surveys have been conducted since their release from quarantine into Australia. The incidence of CAE in meat and fibre goats in Australia appears to be low and CAE has not been demonstrated in Australian Rangeland goats.
A significant percentage of a herd may thus be infected before clinical signs become evident, and some carriers never develop signs, so infection rates may be under-estimated.ĬAE is present in the Australian dairy goat industry some producers have successfully eradicated it from their herds, however infected dairy goat herds remain in production. CAE is a slow virus and clinical signs are usually not evident until after the first kidding i.e. Infection generally occurs immediately after birth via ingestion of colostrum. The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) requires 6 monthly reporting of CAE and MV incidence.ĬAE is spread by body secretions and is present in blood. MV can affect both sheep and goats and causes chronic pneumonia and nervous disease.ĬAE is widespread in the developed world, and is present in Australia. Due to their similarities, these diseases have been classified together as Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLV) since the early 2000’s.ĬAE, also known as Caprine Retrovirus or “Big Knee”, causes chronic peri-arthritis in multiple joints of adult goats, encephalitis (mainly in kids), chronic mastitis (also called “hard udder”) and wasting.
BackgroundĬaprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi Visna (MV) are diseases caused by lentiviruses from the retrovirus family. The Goat Health Statement and National Kid Rearing Plan will function as CAE risk-minimisation strategies. The new market assurance program for goats (GoatMAP) requires CAE cases in participating MAP herds to be notified however without national mandatory notification the levels of CAE will be under-represented. A single national eradication strategy should be developed by goat industry groups in Australia, and veterinarians should be involved in all stages of the program.
#CAUSE CAPRINE ARTHRITIS ENCEPHALITIS IN GOATS UPDATE#
Technical update 29 September 2022 PolicyĬaprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) should be considered by the Animal Health Committee for classification nationally as a notifiable disease.
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